Scientists have for the first time pinpointed a large number of genes that are reliably associated with dyslexia.
Around a third of the 42 genetic variants identified have been previously linked to general cognitive ability and educational attainment.
The researchers say their findings, published in Nature Genetics journal, aid our understanding of the biology behind why some children struggle to read or spell.
Dyslexia is known to run in families — partly because of genetic factors — but, until now, little was known about the specific genes that relate to the risk of it developing.
The study, led by the University of Edinburgh, is the largest genetic study of dyslexia to date. Previous studies linking dyslexia to specific genes have been done on small numbers of families and the evidence was unclear, the research team says.
This latest study involved more than 50,000 adults who have been diagnosed with dyslexia and more than one million adults who have not.
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