The two drugs are very similar. Amoxicillin is a very common type of antibiotic, and Augmentin contains amoxicillin and clavulanate or clavulanic acid, which may make it more effective against some types of infection.
In this article, learn about the difference between the two antibiotics and the potential side effects of each.
Augmentin vs. amoxicillin
Augmentin and amoxicillin are both in the penicillin drug class, which is a group of common antibiotics.
Augmentin contains amoxicillin, as the primary ingredient, and it also contains clavulanate. Clavulanate can help treat infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
The two antibiotic drugs are generally the first line of defense against troublesome bacterial infections.
It is important to note that these types of drugs do not work on viral infections, such as the common cold or flu. Taking antibiotics unnecessarily may make them less effective over time and lead to antibiotic resistance.
As both drugs contain amoxicillin, they have some common side effects, such as:
- heartburn
- abdominal pain
- nausea
- vomiting
- diarrhea that lasts longer than 1 day
- easy bruising
- bloody diarrhea
- rashes
Augmentin and amoxicillin may also alter the healthy growth of bacteria in the intestines. This may lead to a temporary imbalance in the intestinal flora.
People who frequently use antibiotics may have a higher risk of these issues, because their gut bacteria may have less time to recover.
According to the authors of a 2015 review, consuming probiotic foods after a round of antibiotics could help reestablish balance in the gut bacteria.
As a review in the Canadian Medical Association Journal notes, Augmentin and amoxicillin may also increase the risk of yeast infections in some people. These are fungal infections that need antifungal treatment.
In very rare cases, some people may also experience seizures or low blood or platelet levels after taking these antibiotics.
It is also possible to be allergic to these medications. The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology notes that 5–10 percent of drug reactions result from allergies.
A severe allergic reaction can lead to a dangerous complication called anaphylaxis. Symptoms of anaphylaxis include:
- swelling of the face, mouth, or throat
- wheezing
- vomiting
- difficulty breathing
- lightheadedness
- shock
Anaphylaxis can be life-threatening. Anyone experiencing these symptoms should seek emergency medical care.
Side effects of Augmentin
Augmentin may cause additional side effects, including:
- bloating
- gas
- a headache
Also, Augmentin may lead to an overgrowth of bacteria called Clostridium difficile. This can cause severe diarrhea that requires treatment to prevent complications.
It is essential to report any severe side effect to a doctor.
The United States Food and Drug Administration note that, while Augmentin has a low risk of toxicity, people who take it for a longer period should be under close supervision, as there may be a chance of damage to the kidney or liver.
Anyone with questions about their antibiotics should consult a doctor or pharmacist.
Before taking any antibiotic, it is important to ensure that the infection is bacterial. Augmentin and amoxicillin will have no effect on viral or fungal infections.
Anyone who has experienced an allergic reaction to an antibiotic, especially penicillin, should inform their doctor before taking another antibiotic.
It is also best to check the packaging for additional ingredients, such as flavorings or coatings. Some medications contain lactose or gelatin. Discuss any potential allergens with a doctor before using either medication.
Some drugs or supplements can change how effective an antibiotic is. Doctors may ask people to stop taking certain supplements or medications while on the antibiotics, if possible.
Anyone who has had kidney or liver disease should consult their doctor before taking these drugs.
Augmentin may also make birth control pills less effective. Sexually active people should use other forms of birth control while taking Augmentin to avoid unwanted pregnancy.
Anyone who becomes pregnant or learns that they are pregnant while taking Augmentin should speak to a doctor. Women who are breastfeeding may also need to avoid taking Augmentin.
Summary
Amoxicillin and Augmentin are similar drugs that may help clear a wide range of bacterial infections. A doctor may recommend Augmentin if an infection could be antibiotic-resistant or if amoxicillin alone does not work.
The drugs are generally well-tolerated, but there is still a chance of side effects. Anyone taking these drugs should follow their dosage instructions closely.
A doctor may need to order other tests, such as kidney or liver function tests, to monitor a person’s overall health.
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